HISTORY OF COMPUTER
Introduction:-
The development of computer science has a long historical background.The history of computer science started with mens ‘first effort to delelop the concept of number and counting In ancient time,counting machine did not exist.One of the earliest form of computing was counting with their own fingers.The counting of small numbers were easily made with the helps of their fingers . However ,it became difficult to count large number and to remember more facts so they replace the use of fingers by arranged stones (pebbes) and marking on the trees,walk and their caves.
But these process were not possible for computing large numbers.Those methods were very tedious,slow and not reliable for counting.
Later on,when men became more civilized,various types of counting devices such a Abacus,Napier’s bone etc.came into use.Over the centuries the delelopment of computing has been changed dramatically.
Along with the delelopment of civilization and modification over early computing devices the modern computer has come to this stage.
Today we have various types of computing devices and we can solve even very difficult problems accurately within a short time.
In this chapter,we will learn the development sequence of the computer from early counting to the present stage.
Early Development of Computing Devices:-
Abacus:-
An abacus is the first calculating device.There is no concrete fact in the history as who and when this device developed.This device was developed by Chinese around 3500 B.C. or 5500 years age.At that time ,the Chinese were becoming very much involved in business with the Japanese and Koreans .Business men needed a way to tally accounts and bills .Some how,out of this need the Abacus was born.It was used for counting adding and subtracting.
It consists of wooden frame structure with series of vertical rods on which number of wooden beads are allowed to slide freely.Calculations are performed by placing the abacus flat on a table manipulating the beads with fingers.Beads are considered counted when they moved towards the beam that separates the two decks .It can do long and complex calculation very fast.It is still used in Chines,Japan and some other parts of the world by traders and businessmen.Children are introduced to this tool in elementary school in many places.
