Windows is a Graphical User Interface based programs.The elements of the GUI based system are : icons ,windows,dialog box,menus and other graphical elements.All these GUI controls appear in the desktop in the desktop and user can interact with them.
Desktop
The working area on the computer screen is known as desktop.Icons,menus,dialog box and menus display on the desktop.User interacts with the items that appear on the desktop to work with windows.
Icons and the taskbar are the permament features of the desktop and other items change depending on the type of work you are doing .Taskbar is placed at botton of desktop and it contains start button opens start menu.
Icons
A small image displayed on the screen to represent and object is called icon.The objects can be file,Folder programs and storage devices.Icons allow user to control certain computer actions without having to remember commands .Icons take small size in the desktop and help to manage the desktop .Mouse is generally used to work with icons.Single click selects the icons double click activites the icon and dragging the icon changes the positions of the icon in the desktop.
The generally displayed icons in the desktop are: My Computer,My Documents,Internet Explorer and Recycle Bin.
Internet Explorer:-
The Internet Explorer icon opens Internet Explorer programs.It is a web browser .And this program allows user to see the web pages i.e. browsing web site.The programs icons permanently displayed in desktop .Double click the program icon to open the programs.
Open internet explorer program and type address of web site in the address bar and Example ://http://www.google.cmo.np
My Computer:-
This icon is also permanent features of windows desktop.It open My Computer windows which displayed and allows user to interact with all the drives connected to computer and system folders like control panel.Dial -up - Network etc.
Recycle Bin
This icon opens the Recycle Bin folder which stores deleted files or folders .It is useful when you have deleted the nececssary files and folders.Click the Restore All in the recycle bin to restore all the deleted files in their original locations.
Menus:-
A menu is a list of commands or instructions that tells your computer to performs an actions such as opening a programs or saving a document. The main menu associated with windows is the start menu.Most software programs have their own menus that your become familiar with as you use the programs.You will usually find these menus at the top of the programs windows in an area called the menu bar.In windows you use menus,cascading menus,submenus,and shortcut menus.Menu is used by mouse or by the keyboard .Mouse is used to point and select menu.Keyboard is used to specify te shortcut keys to select menus and commands .Press ESC key to deselect the menu item.
Shorcut menus are those menus,which you open by right -clicking and object or area on the desktop or in a program windows.The commands available on a shortcut menu depend on the location of the pointer when it is clicked.For example ,the windows desktop shortcut menu allows you to create shortcuts and arrange shortcut icons as well as customize your Active Desktop.
Keyboard shortcuts can be used to access menu.Press ALT key and underlined letters of the main menu to use commands in menu.For example :ALT +F to select file menu .Other keyboard shortcuts associated with commands are seen in right side of command in the drop down menu.Use these shortcut for quick access to command for example : CTRL +N to open commands new document.
Start Menu:
This is main menu associated with windows.The following are descriptions of the commands on the default start menu:
Run:
Opens the Run dialog box.You can type the name of a program,folder,document or Internet resource and windows opens it for you.There is also a Browse button to help you find what you want to open.
Control Pannel:
The Control Panel opens a new windows in which we can change different windows in which we can change different setting of the computer
My Recent Document:-
Gives quick access to the files that you have opened recently.
Search:-
Open dialog box to find files and folders,Computers etc.
Help and Support:
Open Help window
All Programs
Opens the Programs menu which contains shortcuts to the software programs on your computer or that are available on your computer network including Windows Explorer and the Windows Accessories.
Turn off:
Opens shut down dialog bot to shut down computer.
Log off:
Logs off the computer without shutting down your computer.
Conventions Used in Menus
You can notice some differences in menu items of the menu when they are displayed .These visual indications describe the menu item.Some standard conventions are used in the menus to give more information about them.Some menu conventions followed are:
Windows Control Menu
A standard windows control menu(system menu) is associated with each application program running in the windows.This menu provides the facilities to manipulate the windows .
Selecting control menu:
Using mouse:-
Click on the application icon on the left corner of the title bar.
Using keyboard:-
Use ALT+Spacebar simultaneously.
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